Original Research Articles / 原创研究论文

Original Research Articles present substantial and original scholarly investigations that advance knowledge within the journal's research areas. They should identify a clearly defined research question or problem, establish an appropriate theoretical or conceptual framework, explain the method or analytical approach, develop a coherent argument, engage relevant literature, and demonstrate an identifiable contribution to the field.

原创研究论文应呈现具有实质性与原创性的学术研究成果，推动本刊相关研究领域的知识发展。稿件应提出明确的研究问题，建立适当的理论或概念框架，说明研究方法或分析路径，形成连贯的学术论证，充分回应相关文献，并体现可识别的学术贡献。

Suitable approaches include philosophical analysis, intellectual history, textual interpretation, conceptual history, comparative research, critical analysis, qualitative or quantitative research, and interdisciplinary inquiry. The journal does not require all Original Research Articles to follow a conventional empirical research structure; the organisation should be appropriate to the disciplinary tradition and research question.

此类稿件可采用哲学分析、思想史研究、文本阐释、概念史、比较研究、批判性分析、质性或量化研究以及跨学科研究方法。本刊不要求所有原创研究论文均采用传统经验研究结构，文章组织应与所属学科传统及研究问题相适应。

Theoretical Essays / 理论论文

Theoretical Essays develop original arguments concerning major conceptual, normative, philosophical, or theoretical questions. They may examine political concepts, philosophical traditions, schools of thought, interpretive frameworks, institutional principles, or unresolved debates in political and social theory.

理论论文主要围绕重要概念、规范性问题、哲学问题或理论争论展开原创性论证。此类稿件可研究政治概念、哲学传统、思想流派、解释框架、制度原则，或政治与社会理论中尚未充分解决的学术问题。

A Theoretical Essay should establish a clear argumentative position, define its central concepts, explain the premises supporting its claims, and engage relevant objections or competing interpretations. Theoretical innovation may take the form of conceptual reconstruction, normative justification, critical reassessment, or the development of an alternative analytical framework.

理论论文应提出明确的论证立场，准确界定核心概念，说明支持主要主张的论证前提，并适当回应相关反对意见或竞争性解释。理论创新可以体现为概念重构、规范性证成、批判性重新评价，或替代性分析框架的提出。

Theoretical Essays should not be treated as general opinion pieces or unsupported philosophical reflections. They must demonstrate conceptual precision, argumentative rigor, intellectual originality, and substantive engagement with existing scholarship. Empirical data are not automatically required where the research contribution is primarily philosophical or theoretical.

理论论文不应写成一般性观点文章或缺乏论证基础的哲学感想，而应体现概念准确性、论证严谨性、思想原创性及与既有研究的实质性对话。对于主要贡献在于哲学或理论论证的研究，不以必须提供经验数据作为统一要求。

Review Essays / 综述与专题评论

Review Essays critically examine one or more books, theoretical approaches, political concepts, intellectual controversies, or emerging research debates. They place the materials under discussion within a broader scholarly context and develop an independent analytical perspective on their significance, contribution, and limitations.

综述与专题评论可围绕一本或多本著作、理论路径、政治概念、思想争论或新兴研究议题展开批判性分析，将讨论对象置于更广泛的学术语境中，并对其意义、贡献与局限形成相对独立的分析视角。

These contributions are particularly appropriate for comparing intellectual positions, assessing significant scholarly publications, identifying tensions between competing interpretations, or evaluating developments within a research field. They should move beyond sequential summaries and advance a clear organizing argument.

此类文章尤其适合比较不同思想立场、评价重要学术出版成果、分析竞争性解释之间的张力，或讨论特定研究领域的发展。稿件不应仅逐一概述文献，而应形成能够统合讨论内容的明确学术论证。

Review Essays are distinct from Book Reviews and Review Articles. A Book Review principally evaluates a defined publication, whereas a Review Article usually undertakes a more extensive synthesis of a body of literature. A Review Essay gives greater emphasis to a focused interpretive or critical argument developed through engagement with selected works or debates.

综述与专题评论不同于书评及综述论文。书评主要评价特定出版物；综述论文通常对某一文献群进行更全面的综合分析；综述与专题评论则更加重视通过选定的著作或学术争论，提出聚焦的解释性或批判性论证。

Forum Contributions / 理论论坛文章

Forum Contributions are focused scholarly interventions addressing important theoretical disputes, developing debates, recent publications, public controversies, or unresolved questions relevant to the journal's scope. They provide a means for scholars to respond to existing arguments, clarify disagreements, develop alternative interpretations, and open new directions for intellectual inquiry.

理论论坛文章是围绕重要理论分歧、持续发展的学术争论、新近出版成果、公共争议或本刊研究范围内尚未充分解决的问题展开的聚焦性学术讨论。此类稿件为学者回应既有论点、澄清分歧、发展替代性解释及提出新的研究方向提供空间。

Forum Contributions may include forum essays, critical commentaries, debate articles, response articles, roundtable contributions, symposium essays, and short theoretical interventions. These are forms within the Forum Contributions category rather than automatically separate journal-wide manuscript categories.

论坛文章可以采用论坛论文、批判性评论、争鸣文章、回应文章、圆桌讨论文章、专题讨论文章及短篇理论介入文章等形式。这些形式均属于 Forum Contributions 类别下的具体表达方式，不自动构成独立的正式稿件类别。

Although these contributions may be shorter and more directly argumentative than conventional research articles, they must maintain scholarly rigor, factual accuracy, conceptual clarity, responsible citation, and respectful engagement with competing positions. General opinion writing, unsupported polemics, and personal attacks are not suitable for this category.

虽然论坛文章通常比常规研究论文篇幅更短、论证更加直接，但仍须保持学术严谨性、事实准确性、概念清晰性、负责任的引用方式及对不同学术立场的尊重。一般性意见表达、缺乏依据的论战性写作及人身攻击不属于此类稿件的适当形式。

Book Reviews / 学术书评

Book Reviews provide critical scholarly evaluations of recently published books or other significant academic works relevant to the journal's research areas. A review should identify the principal argument of the publication, situate it within its intellectual context, assess its methodology and use of sources, and explain its contribution, limitations, and significance for further scholarship.

学术书评是对本刊研究领域内新近出版著作或其他重要学术成果进行批判性评价的文章。书评应说明所评出版物的核心论点，将其置于相关思想与学术语境中，评价其研究方法与资料使用，并讨论其学术贡献、局限及后续研究意义。

Reviews should be analytical, independent, fair, and properly supported. They should not consist solely of chapter-by-chapter summaries, promotional descriptions, personal impressions, or unsupported allegations. Authors should provide accurate bibliographic information and disclose relationships with the author, editor, publisher, or reviewed work that could reasonably affect independent evaluation.

书评应具有分析性、独立性、公正性及适当的证据基础，不应仅为逐章摘要、宣传性介绍、个人阅读感想或缺乏依据的指控。作者须提供准确的书目信息，并披露可能影响独立评价的与所评著作作者、编者、出版机构或作品之间的相关关系。

Comparative reviews, symposium reviews, and responses to published reviews may be considered within an appropriate manuscript category according to their actual structure and scholarly purpose. Their designation does not automatically establish eligibility for the Book Reviews APC exemption.

比较书评、专题书评及针对已发表书评的回应，可根据其实际文章结构与学术目的归入适当的正式稿件类别。使用这些名称并不自动意味着符合 Book Reviews 的 APC 豁免条件。

Review Articles / 综述论文

Review Articles provide structured, systematic, or critical syntheses of scholarship within a defined research area, theoretical debate, intellectual tradition, or body of literature. Their principal purpose is to clarify the current state of knowledge, identify important intellectual and methodological developments, evaluate unresolved questions, and indicate directions for further research.

综述论文针对特定研究领域、理论争论、思想传统或文献群进行结构化、系统性或批判性的学术综合。其主要目的在于梳理当前研究状况，识别重要思想与方法进展，评价尚未解决的问题，并指出后续研究方向。

A Review Article should establish a clear review question or organizing framework and explain the basis for selecting and evaluating the scholarship discussed. Where a systematic review method is claimed, authors should describe the search strategy, sources, selection criteria, and analytical procedure sufficiently to support that claim. Critical or interpretive reviews may adopt methods appropriate to their intellectual or disciplinary traditions.

综述论文应确立明确的综述问题或组织框架，并说明所讨论文献的选择与评价依据。若作者宣称采用系统性综述方法，应充分说明检索策略、资料来源、筛选标准及分析程序。批判性或解释性综述则可采用符合相关思想或学科传统的方法。

Review Articles should not be limited to bibliographic lists or summaries of individual publications. They should provide an integrated analysis of the literature, identify substantive areas of agreement and disagreement, and make an independent scholarly contribution through synthesis, evaluation, or theoretical reconstruction.

综述论文不应仅为文献目录或单篇研究内容的简单罗列，而应对相关文献进行综合分析，识别实质性的学术共识与争议，并通过知识综合、批判评价或理论重构形成独立的学术贡献。

Policy and Institutional Analysis / 政策与制度分析

Policy and Institutional Analysis articles examine public policies, political and administrative institutions, governance arrangements, educational systems, public values, or institutional practices through theoretical, historical, normative, comparative, critical, or empirical analysis. They should establish a substantive relationship between the institutional subject and questions relevant to the journal's scholarly scope.

政策与制度分析文章通过理论、历史、规范性、比较、批判性或经验性分析，研究公共政策、政治与行政制度、治理安排、教育体系、公共价值或制度实践。此类稿件应明确说明所研究的制度性问题与本刊学术范围内相关议题之间的实质联系。

Appropriate contributions may investigate institutional legitimacy, accountability, political and educational values, governance reform, state–society relations, university autonomy, public responsibility, or other questions linking institutional arrangements with political thought and public life. Authors should explain their analytical criteria and support empirical claims with appropriate documentary or other evidence.

相关研究可涉及制度正当性、责任问责、政治与教育价值、治理改革、国家与社会关系、大学自主权、公共责任，以及制度安排与政治思想和公共生活之间的其他重要联系。作者应说明分析或评价标准，并为经验性判断提供适当的文献或其他证据。

Articles should move beyond administrative descriptions, policy summaries, institutional publicity, or routine practical reports. Where causal claims are made, the study should provide an appropriate research design and consider competing explanations. Where the analysis is primarily normative or interpretive, the author should state the relevant theoretical premises and evaluative standards.

稿件不应仅停留于行政情况介绍、政策摘要、机构宣传或常规实践报告。对于因果性主张，研究应具备适当的研究设计并考虑竞争性解释；对于主要采用规范性或解释性分析的文章，作者则应明确相关理论前提与评价标准。

Special Issue Articles / 专题论文

Special Issue Articles are contributions submitted to announced special issues or themed collections coordinated by the journal's editorial office or designated guest editors. These submissions should address the scholarly objectives and central questions of the relevant collection while meeting the journal's general academic, ethical, and manuscript preparation standards.

专题论文是提交至本刊已公布专题专刊或主题论文集的学术作品，由期刊编辑部或指定客座编辑协调组织。此类稿件应回应相关专题的学术目标与核心问题，同时符合本刊统一的学术、伦理及稿件准备标准。

Special Issue Articles may take the form of Original Research Articles, Theoretical Essays, Review Articles, Policy and Institutional Analysis articles, or other eligible scholarly contributions identified in the call for papers. The underlying manuscript type determines the substantive scholarly requirements and the applicable length and abstract expectations.

专题论文可采用原创研究论文、理论论文、综述论文、政策与制度分析，或专题征稿中列明的其他适当学术形式。稿件实际采用的文章类型决定其适用的学术要求、建议篇幅及摘要规定。

Research-oriented Special Issue Articles normally undergo double-anonymous peer review under the journal's standard procedures. Other eligible contribution types are assessed according to their applicable article-category requirements and the journal's Peer Review Policy. Invitations to participate in a special issue do not guarantee acceptance or publication.

研究性质的专题论文通常按照本刊标准程序接受双匿名同行评审。其他适当类型的专题稿件则依其文章类别要求及本刊《同行评审政策》进行评估。专题约稿邀请不构成录用或出版保证。

Invited Contributions / 约稿文章

CRoPT may invite qualified scholars to contribute original research, theoretical essays, review essays, forum contributions, book reviews, symposium papers, or other scholarly work relevant to the journal's scope. Invitations may support focused academic exchanges, themed discussions, or engagement with significant intellectual developments.

CRoPT 可邀请相关领域学者提交原创研究、理论论文、综述与专题评论、论坛文章、书评、专题讨论文章或其他符合本刊研究范围的学术成果。约稿可用于推动聚焦性的学术交流、专题讨论或对重要思想发展动态的回应。

Invited Contributions are not automatically a separate manuscript category. Each invited submission should be classified and assessed according to its actual scholarly form. The journal's standards of originality, ethical compliance, editorial independence, and academic quality apply to invited and unsolicited submissions alike.

约稿文章不自动构成独立的稿件类型。每篇约稿应根据其实际学术形式确定类别并接受相应评估。本刊关于原创性、伦理合规、编辑独立性及学术质量的要求，同样适用于约稿与自主投稿。

An invitation does not guarantee acceptance or publication and does not, by itself, constitute an exemption from applicable publication charges. Any special publishing arrangements must be established in accordance with the journal's relevant policies.

约稿邀请并不保证稿件获得录用或出版，也不自动意味着免除适用的出版费用。任何特殊出版安排均应依据本刊相关政策确定。

Editorial Notes / 编辑说明

The editorial office is responsible for determining the appropriate manuscript classification when a submission does not fit neatly into a single category. Authors uncertain about the appropriate article type are encouraged to consult the editorial office before submission. Manuscripts proposing an unusual scholarly form may be considered where their academic purpose, contribution, and relationship to the journal's scope are clearly established.

对于无法明确归入单一类别的稿件，编辑部负责根据文章性质确定适当分类。不确定文章类型的作者可在投稿前联系编辑部咨询。对于采用特殊学术形式的稿件，只要能够明确说明其学术目的、研究贡献及与本刊范围的关系，编辑部亦可予以考虑。

Recommended word ranges are intended to guide manuscript preparation rather than operate as inflexible acceptance thresholds. Chinese-language submissions may follow corresponding lengths appropriate to their scholarly content and form. Authors should consult the applicable Author Guidelines and Manuscript Preparation instructions for detailed formatting, metadata, and ethical requirements.

建议篇幅主要用于指导作者准备稿件，而非不可调整的录用门槛。中文稿件可根据学术内容与文体采用相应篇幅。有关排版、元数据及伦理要求的详细说明，作者应查阅本刊《投稿须知》与《稿件格式》。

Related Submission and Publication Policies / 相关投稿与出版政策

For further information on manuscript preparation and submission, consult the Author Guidelines, Manuscript Preparation, and Submission Process. For review arrangements and publication charges, see the Peer Review Policy and APC & Waiver Policy.

有关稿件准备及投稿要求，请参阅 《投稿须知》、 《稿件格式》 及 《投稿流程》； 有关评审安排与出版费用，请参阅 《同行评审政策》 及 《文章处理费与减免政策》。