General Principles / 基本原则

Manuscripts submitted to CRoPT must be original, accurately documented, appropriately attributed, and prepared in accordance with applicable ethical and scholarly standards. Plagiarism, fabrication, falsification, duplicate publication, inappropriate reuse of previously published material, undisclosed conflicts of interest, and other forms of research misconduct are unacceptable.

提交至 CRoPT 的稿件须具有原创性，研究资料准确，成果归属明确，并符合适用的伦理与学术规范。本刊不接受抄袭、伪造、篡改、重复发表、不当重复使用既有出版内容、隐瞒利益冲突及其他形式的研究不端行为。

Responses to ethical concerns should be proportionate to the evidence, seriousness of the issue, and potential effects on research participants, editorial fairness, and the scholarly record.

对伦理问题采取的措施应与现有证据、问题严重程度及其对研究参与者、编辑公正性和学术记录可能造成的影响相适应。

Author Responsibilities / 作者责任

Authors are responsible for the originality, accuracy, completeness, and integrity of their submitted work. They must acknowledge intellectual contributions appropriately, cite all relevant sources, obtain necessary permissions for reused materials, and provide accurate authorship, funding, conflict-of-interest, ethics, and other applicable declarations.

作者须对所提交成果的原创性、准确性、完整性及研究诚信负责。作者应适当承认相关智识贡献，规范引用资料来源，为再次使用的材料取得必要授权，并准确提交作者署名、基金资助、利益冲突、伦理及其他适用声明。

By submitting a manuscript, authors affirm that the work has not previously been published as the same scholarly contribution and is not simultaneously under consideration by another journal, book series, conference proceedings publisher, or other publication venue. Relevant preprints, conference presentations, and overlapping publications must be disclosed where they affect the manuscript's originality or publication status.

作者提交稿件，即确认该成果此前未作为同一学术作品正式发表，且未同时提交其他期刊、书系、会议论文集出版机构或其他出版渠道接受审查。对于影响稿件原创性或出版状态的预印本、会议报告及内容重叠的既有出版成果，作者应如实披露。

Authors should cooperate with legitimate editorial enquiries, respond accurately to requests for clarification, and promptly notify the editorial office of material errors discovered during review or after publication.

作者应配合合理的编辑核查，准确回应澄清要求，并在评审期间或出版后发现实质性错误时及时通知编辑部。

Originality and Plagiarism / 原创性与抄袭

Plagiarism includes presenting another person's words, ideas, arguments, research findings, data, translations, figures, tables, or other intellectual materials without appropriate attribution. It may occur through direct copying, inadequately identified paraphrasing, misleading translation, or the unattributed reuse of another person's scholarly work.

抄袭包括未经适当注明来源，将他人的文字、观点、论证、研究结果、数据、译文、图片、表格或其他智识成果作为自身内容呈现。直接复制、未明确归属的转述、误导性翻译及未注明来源的成果重复使用，均可能构成抄袭。

Authors must also avoid inappropriate text recycling or undisclosed reuse of their own previously published work. Legitimate reuse should be accompanied by relevant citations, a clear explanation of its relationship to the earlier publication, and any necessary copyright permissions.

作者还应避免不当文本重复及未披露地重复使用本人此前发表的成果。合理的内容再使用应提供必要引用、明确说明与既有出版物的关系，并在需要时取得版权授权。

Duplicate Submission and Duplicate Publication / 一稿多投与重复发表

Authors must not submit the same or substantially equivalent manuscript to multiple publication venues for simultaneous consideration. Submitting essentially the same scholarly contribution to more than one publication without appropriate disclosure and authorization breaches the journal's publication ethics requirements.

作者不得将同一或实质上等同的稿件同时提交多个出版渠道接受审查。未经适当披露及授权，将实质上相同的学术成果提交多个出版渠道，违反本刊出版伦理要求。

Submissions that substantially overlap with previously published work may be declined when the overlap is not adequately disclosed, justified, and referenced. Where a manuscript extends an earlier conference paper, preprint, working paper, or related publication, authors should identify the earlier work and explain the new scholarly contribution.

如果稿件与先前发表的作品存在实质性重叠，而作者未充分披露、合理说明或规范引用，编辑部可决定退稿。对于在会议论文、预印本、工作论文或其他相关成果基础上进一步开展的研究，作者应说明既有成果及当前稿件的新增学术贡献。

Prior public dissemination and formal duplicate publication are not necessarily identical circumstances. The editorial office evaluates the publication status, degree of overlap, originality, and applicable rights before determining the appropriate action.

先前公开传播与正式重复发表并非必然属于同一种情况。编辑部应结合实际出版状态、内容重叠程度、原创性及适用权利作出判断。

Data, Evidence, and Source Integrity / 数据、证据与资料诚信

Research evidence must be presented accurately, honestly, and in a manner appropriate to the disciplinary methods employed. This requirement applies to quantitative data, qualitative interviews, survey responses, historical documents, archival materials, philosophical texts, translations, visual sources, and other materials used to support scholarly claims.

研究证据须以准确、诚实且符合所采用学科方法的方式呈现。这一要求适用于量化数据、质性访谈、问卷回答、历史文献、档案材料、哲学文本、译文、图像资料及其他支持学术主张的材料。

Fabrication, falsification, misleading alteration, selective suppression of material evidence, or unsupported representation of findings is prohibited. Where the research involves historical or interpretive materials, authors should distinguish direct quotations, translations, contextual reconstruction, interpretive arguments, and factual claims.

禁止伪造、篡改、误导性修改、选择性隐瞒重要证据，或在缺乏支持的情况下呈现研究结论。涉及历史或解释性资料时，作者应区分直接引文、译文、语境重建、解释性论证与事实性主张。

Authorship and Contributor Responsibility / 作者署名与贡献责任

Authorship should reflect substantive intellectual contributions to the research conception, design, evidence collection, analysis, interpretation, drafting, or critical revision of the manuscript. Authorship decisions should be made responsibly and should not be based solely on seniority, institutional authority, funding provision, or administrative position.

作者署名应反映对研究构思、设计、资料收集、分析、解释、稿件撰写或重要学术修改所作出的实质性智识贡献。署名安排应负责任地确定，不应仅以资历、机构权力、提供经费或行政职务作为依据。

All listed authors must approve the submitted and final versions, agree to the submission and publication arrangements, and accept appropriate accountability for the integrity of the work. Contributions that do not meet authorship criteria may be recognized in acknowledgments, subject to appropriate permission.

全体署名作者均应认可投稿版本及最终版本，同意有关投稿与出版安排，并对作品完整性承担适当责任。未达到作者资格标准的贡献，可在取得适当许可后于致谢中说明。

Changes to Authorship / 作者变更

Requests to add, remove, or reorder authors after submission must be submitted to the editorial office with a clear justification and written confirmation from the authors affected by the proposed change. The editorial office may request additional information where the authorship record is disputed or incomplete.

投稿后如需新增、删除作者或调整署名顺序，应向编辑部提交明确的理由，并提供受拟议变更影响的作者的书面确认。如果署名存在争议或信息不完整，编辑部可要求补充材料。

Authorship changes must not be used to conceal contributors, add individuals who do not qualify as authors, or alter responsibility for the research without justification. The editorial office may decline a request or refer an unresolved authorship dispute to the relevant institution or other appropriate body.

作者变更不得用于隐瞒贡献者、增加不符合作者资格的人员，或在缺乏合理理由的情况下转移研究责任。编辑部可拒绝不当变更请求，或将无法解决的署名争议提交相关机构或其他适当主体处理。

Changes requested after publication are assessed under the journal's applicable correction and publication-integrity procedures rather than treated as routine modifications to an unpublished manuscript.

正式出版后提出的署名变更，应依照本刊适用的更正与出版诚信程序审查，不应作为未发表稿件的一般性修改处理。

Conflicts of Interest / 利益冲突

Authors must disclose financial and non-financial relationships or interests that could influence, or reasonably appear to influence, the conception, conduct, interpretation, assessment, or publication of the research. These may involve funding, employment, institutional responsibilities, professional associations, personal relationships, political or advocacy interests, or other relevant circumstances.

作者须披露可能实际影响或被合理认为可能影响研究构思、实施、解释、评估或出版的财务与非财务关系或利益。这些情况可能涉及基金资助、雇佣关系、机构职责、职业联系、个人关系、政治或倡议性利益，以及其他相关因素。

Disclosure does not automatically imply wrongdoing or disqualify a manuscript. Its purpose is to enable appropriate evaluation and management of potentially relevant interests. Where no relevant conflict exists, authors should provide a statement indicating that they have no conflicts of interest to declare.

披露利益冲突并不自动意味着存在不当行为，也不必然导致稿件失去评估资格。披露的目的在于支持对相关利益进行适当评价与管理。如不存在相关利益冲突，作者应明确声明无利益冲突需要披露。

Editors and reviewers are subject to corresponding disclosure and conflict-management requirements under the journal's separate Conflict of Interest Policy.

编辑与审稿人亦须遵守本刊独立《利益冲突政策》所规定的相关披露及管理要求。

Funding Disclosure / 基金资助披露

Authors must disclose relevant funding, sponsorship, institutional financial support, or other financial assistance associated with the research or publication. Where applicable, funding statements should identify the funding organization and grant or project number accurately.

作者须披露与研究或出版有关的基金资助、赞助、机构财务支持或其他经济援助。如适用，基金声明应准确列明资助机构及项目或基金编号。

Authors should distinguish financial support from intellectual contributions and authorship. The involvement of a sponsor in the research design, data collection, interpretation, manuscript preparation, or publication decision should be identified where relevant.

作者应区分财务支持与智识贡献及作者署名。如果资助方参与研究设计、数据收集、结果解释、稿件准备或出版决策，应在相关情况下说明。

Research Involving Human Participants / 涉及人类参与者的研究

Research involving interviews, surveys, observation, identifiable individuals, personal data, or other ethically sensitive materials must comply with applicable laws, institutional requirements, and recognized research ethics principles. The applicable requirements depend on the study design, jurisdiction, research setting, participants, and nature of the information collected.

涉及访谈、问卷、观察、可识别个人、个人数据或其他伦理敏感材料的研究，须遵守适用法律、机构要求及公认的研究伦理原则。具体要求取决于研究设计、所属法域、研究环境、参与者特征及资料性质。

Where ethics approval is required, it should be obtained from the appropriate institutional review board, ethics committee, or equivalent body before the relevant research activities begin. Where an exemption or other determination applies, authors should accurately describe its basis and the competent authority where relevant.

如研究依法或依机构规定需要伦理审批，应在相关研究活动开始前取得适当的机构审查委员会、伦理委员会或同等机构批准。如适用伦理豁免或其他审查决定，作者应准确说明其依据，并在适当情况下注明作出决定的机构。

Where applicable, the manuscript should identify the ethics review body, approval or exemption status, reference number if available, consent procedures, confidentiality safeguards, and any restrictions affecting access to research materials.

如适用，稿件应说明伦理审查机构、批准或豁免情况、可获得的审查编号、知情同意程序、保密措施，以及影响研究资料访问的相关限制。

Informed Consent / 知情同意

Where informed consent is required, researchers must obtain it through procedures appropriate to the study and applicable ethical requirements. Participants should receive understandable information about the research purpose, expected participation, use of collected materials, privacy safeguards, reasonably foreseeable risks, and relevant participant rights.

当研究需要取得知情同意时，研究人员须采用符合研究性质及适用伦理要求的程序。参与者应获得清晰、可理解的信息，包括研究目的、参与内容、所收集资料的使用方式、隐私保护、可合理预见的风险，以及相关参与者权利。

Consent to participate in research should be distinguished from consent to publish identifying information, photographs, quotations, or other potentially recognizable materials where separate permission is necessary. Consent procedures and any approved waivers should be accurately reported.

在需要另行取得授权的情况下，参与研究的同意，应与公开可识别身份的信息、照片、引文或其他可能识别个人的材料的发表许可加以区分。作者应准确报告知情同意程序及任何已获得的豁免安排。

Authors must not disclose identifiable participant information merely because it is available in the research files. Publication must remain consistent with applicable consent, legal, and confidentiality requirements.

不能仅因研究档案中包含可识别个人的信息，就将其直接公开。相关发表行为须符合适用的知情同意、法律及保密要求。

Privacy and Confidentiality / 隐私与保密

Authors must handle personal information and confidential research materials lawfully and responsibly. Appropriate safeguards may include anonymization, de-identification, restricted access, secure storage, careful use of quotations, and limitations on sharing sensitive data.

作者须合法且负责任地处理个人信息与保密研究材料。适当保护措施可包括匿名化、去标识化、限制访问、安全存储、谨慎使用引文，以及对敏感数据共享实施限制。

Researchers should consider the risk that individuals or institutions may be identifiable through combinations of contextual details, even after names have been removed. Where disclosure is not justified or authorized, identifying information should be omitted or appropriately protected.

即使已删除姓名，研究对象仍可能通过多项背景信息的组合而被识别。作者应评估个人或机构的再识别风险；对于缺乏正当依据或授权的披露，应删除相关身份信息或给予适当保护。

Requirements concerning data availability, verification, and reproducibility do not override applicable privacy rights, participant consent, confidentiality obligations, or legal restrictions on access.

有关数据可用性、核验及研究可复现性的要求，不应凌驾于适用的隐私权、参与者知情同意、保密义务及数据访问法律限制之上。

Use of Artificial Intelligence / 人工智能使用

Authors must disclose substantive use of artificial intelligence tools when such use affects the manuscript's intellectual content, research interpretation, argumentation, data processing, translation, coding, image generation, or writing. Any disclosure should identify the tool, describe its relevant purpose, and explain the author's verification of the output.

如果人工智能工具的使用实质性影响稿件的智识内容、研究解释、论证、数据处理、翻译、代码生成、图像生成或写作，作者须进行披露。披露内容应注明工具、相关用途及作者对输出内容的核查情况。

Minor spelling correction, grammar correction, or formatting assistance that does not affect the scholarly content does not normally require detailed disclosure. However, authors must independently verify AI-assisted quotations, references, translations, analyses, factual claims, figures, and other research materials before submission.

对不改变学术内容的轻微拼写修正、语法修正或格式整理，通常无需详细披露。但作者须在投稿前独立核验人工智能辅助生成或修改的引文、参考文献、译文、分析、事实性主张、图像及其他研究材料。

Confidential manuscripts, reviewer reports, personal data, and sensitive research materials must not be uploaded to unauthorized AI systems. Detailed requirements are established in the journal's AI and Research Integrity Policy.

不得将保密稿件、审稿报告、个人数据或敏感研究材料上传至未经授权的人工智能系统。具体要求以本刊《人工智能与研究诚信政策》为准。

Reviewer Responsibilities / 审稿人责任

Reviewers are expected to provide fair, independent, constructive, confidential, and academically reasoned assessments. Their reports should address the manuscript's scholarly contribution, conceptual clarity, evidence, methodological or interpretive adequacy, and quality of argumentation.

审稿人应提供公正、独立、建设性、保密且具有学术依据的评价。评审报告应关注稿件的学术贡献、概念清晰性、证据、研究方法或解释的适切性，以及论证质量。

Reviewers should disclose relevant conflicts of interest, decline assignments outside their competence, and inform the editorial office when they cannot complete the review responsibly. Personal attacks, discriminatory language, defamatory remarks, coercive citation requests, and irrelevant criticism are unacceptable.

审稿人应披露相关利益冲突，拒绝超出自身专业能力的评审任务，并在无法负责任地完成评审时及时告知编辑部。人身攻击、歧视性表达、诋毁性言辞、强制性不当引用要求及无关批评均不可接受。

Reviewers should identify material errors or credible integrity concerns when observed, while distinguishing substantiated findings from unresolved suspicions. Reviewer recommendations are advisory; final editorial decisions remain with the journal's responsible editors.

审稿人在发现重大错误或具有合理依据的诚信问题时，应向编辑部说明，同时区分已经证实的事实与尚待核查的疑虑。审稿建议具有参考性质，最终编辑决定由本刊负责编辑作出。

Reviewer Confidentiality / 审稿保密

Manuscripts, supplementary files, reviewer communications, and unpublished findings obtained through peer review are confidential. Reviewers must not disclose, distribute, cite, reproduce, or exploit such materials outside their authorized review responsibilities.

审稿过程中获得的稿件、补充文件、审稿通信及未发表研究成果均属于保密材料。审稿人不得在获授权的评审职责之外披露、传播、引用、复制或利用相关内容。

Reviewers must not share manuscripts with colleagues, students, assistants, third-party services, or AI systems without authorization from the editorial office and compliance with the applicable confidentiality requirements. Review responsibility may not be delegated without permission.

未经编辑部授权，且未满足适用保密要求，审稿人不得将稿件分享给同事、学生、助理、第三方服务或人工智能系统，也不得擅自委托他人承担评审职责。

Unpublished arguments, data, textual interpretations, and other research materials acquired through review must not be used for personal, professional, commercial, or competitive advantage.

不得将通过评审获得的未发表论点、数据、文本阐释及其他研究材料，用于个人、职业、商业或竞争性利益。

Editor Responsibilities / 编辑责任

Editors are responsible for applying the journal's scholarly and ethical standards consistently and fairly. They should assess manuscripts on their academic merits, manage appropriate review procedures, consider reviewer reports critically, identify relevant conflicts of interest, and communicate editorial decisions professionally.

编辑负责公正、一致地执行本刊学术与伦理标准。编辑应根据稿件学术价值开展评估，组织适当的评审程序，审慎判断审稿意见，识别相关利益冲突，并以专业方式沟通编辑决定。

Editorial responsibility includes protecting manuscript confidentiality, preventing inappropriate influence on decisions, addressing credible ethical concerns, and maintaining the distinction between reviewer recommendations and final editorial authority.

编辑责任还包括维护稿件保密性、防止不当因素影响决定、处理具有合理依据的伦理疑虑，并明确区分审稿人建议与最终编辑决定权限。

An editor with a relevant conflict of interest should disclose the circumstances and arrange for appropriate independent handling rather than participate in a decision where impartiality may reasonably be questioned.

当编辑存在相关利益冲突时，应披露具体情况，并安排适当的独立处理，避免继续参与其公正性可能受到合理质疑的决定。

Editorial Independence / 编辑独立性

Editorial decisions must be based on scholarly merit, originality, relevance, methodological or argumentative quality, ethical compliance, and applicable review results. They must not be determined by an author's nationality, institutional affiliation, political views, religion, gender, ethnicity, seniority, personal relationships, or financial circumstances.

编辑决定须依据学术价值、原创性、研究相关性、方法或论证质量、伦理合规性及适用的评审结果作出，不得因作者国籍、机构身份、政治观点、宗教、性别、族裔、资历、个人关系或经济状况而作出歧视性处理。

Academic disagreement, critical examination of political concepts, and reasoned evaluation of competing philosophical or ideological arguments are legitimate aspects of scholarly review. Editors and reviewers should distinguish criticism of an argument from discrimination against its author.

学术分歧、对政治概念的批判性研究，以及对不同哲学或思想论证的理性评价，均属于正常学术评审的组成部分。编辑与审稿人应区分对学术论点的批评和针对作者的歧视。

Publisher Responsibilities / 出版商责任

Panorama Scholarly Group, as the journal's publisher, supports the conditions necessary for responsible scholarly publication, including editorial independence, publication integrity, online hosting, production administration, metadata management, preservation-related activities, and continued access to published content.

Panorama Scholarly Group 作为本刊出版商，为负责任的学术出版提供必要支持，包括维护编辑独立性、出版诚信、在线平台运行、出版制作管理、元数据处理、数字保存相关工作及已发表内容的持续访问。

The publisher must respect editorial decisions based on scholarly assessment and should not use commercial, financial, institutional, or personal interests to override the journal's academic and ethical standards.

出版商应尊重依据学术评估形成的编辑决定，不得以商业、财务、机构或个人利益凌驾于期刊学术与伦理标准之上。

Publication support and preservation activities should be described accurately. General publishing responsibilities do not, by themselves, establish that every article has been indexed by a particular database, deposited in a specific external archive, or assigned an identifier by a designated provider.

出版支持及数字保存工作的实际情况应准确说明。一般性出版商责任本身，并不意味着每篇文章均已被特定数据库收录、存入指定外部档案，或通过特定服务机构获得永久标识符。

Corrections, Retractions, and Expressions of Concern / 更正、撤稿与关注声明

The journal may issue corrections, retractions, expressions of concern, or other appropriate notices when significant errors or publication-integrity concerns arise after publication. Such measures are intended to protect the accuracy and reliability of the scholarly record and to inform readers of the status of published work.

已发表文章出现重大错误或出版诚信疑虑时，本刊可发布更正、撤稿、关注声明或其他适当通知。相关措施旨在维护学术记录的准确性与可靠性，并向读者说明已发表作品的实际状态。

These measures should be based on the available evidence and the reliability of the scholarly record. A retraction is not necessarily a finding of deliberate misconduct; a serious error can require retraction even when misconduct has not been established.

相关措施应以现有证据及学术记录可靠性为依据。撤稿并不必然等于认定作者存在故意不端行为；即使没有确认学术不端，严重到足以损害研究可靠性的错误仍可能需要撤稿。

The journal's separate Corrections and Retractions Policy governs the review, documentation, publication, and linking of such notices to the affected article record.

相关通知的审查、记录、发表及与原文章的关联，应依据本刊独立的《更正与撤稿政策》办理。

Complaints and Appeals / 投诉与申诉

Authors, reviewers, readers, institutions, and other relevant parties may raise good-faith concerns about editorial procedures, reviewer conduct, research integrity, conflicts of interest, authorship, published content, corrections, retractions, or other matters within the journal's responsibility.

作者、审稿人、读者、机构及其他相关方，可以就编辑程序、审稿行为、研究诚信、利益冲突、作者署名、已发表内容、更正、撤稿及本刊职责范围内的其他问题，基于善意提出投诉或申诉。

Complaints and appeals should identify the relevant manuscript or publication, describe the concern clearly, and provide evidence or documentation sufficient for preliminary consideration. Where an editorial decision is challenged, the appellant should explain the alleged procedural error, factual misunderstanding, conflict of interest, or other material reason for reconsideration.

投诉与申诉应明确所涉及的稿件或出版物，清楚说明问题，并提供足以开展初步审查的证据或文件。对编辑决定提出申诉时，应说明可能存在的程序错误、事实误解、利益冲突或其他需要重新审查的实质性理由。

Handling Ethical Concerns / 伦理问题处理

When a credible ethical concern is reported or identified, the editorial office should examine the nature of the allegation, available evidence, potential impact on the scholarly record, and any immediate confidentiality or participant-protection issues. The journal may seek information from authors, reviewers, editors, institutions, or other relevant parties as appropriate.

当具有合理依据的伦理问题被报告或发现时，编辑部应审查相关指控的性质、现有证据、对学术记录的潜在影响，以及是否存在需要立即处理的保密或研究参与者保护问题。本刊可根据情况向作者、审稿人、编辑、机构或其他相关方了解事实。

Persons directly implicated in an allegation should normally have an appropriate opportunity to provide an explanation or supporting evidence, subject to legal restrictions and the protection of confidential information. Individuals with relevant conflicts of interest should not control the assessment of the matter.

在适用法律及保密保护要求允许的情况下，直接涉及相关指控的人员通常应有适当机会作出说明或提供支持证据。存在相关利益冲突的人员不应主导该事项的评估。

Editorial responses should distinguish a verified ethical breach from an unresolved allegation, an honest error, or a legitimate difference of scholarly interpretation. The action taken should be proportionate and should protect the integrity of the process.

编辑处理应区分已经证实的伦理违规、尚待核查的指控、诚实错误及正常的学术解释分歧。所采取的措施应符合比例原则，并维护处理程序的完整性。

Record Keeping / 记录保存

The journal maintains appropriate records of manuscript submissions, editorial decisions, peer-review reports, author responses, authorship enquiries, ethical investigations, corrections, retractions, and other publication-related actions where applicable.

本刊在适用情况下保留稿件投稿、编辑决定、同行评审报告、作者回应、署名核查、伦理调查、更正、撤稿及其他出版处理的适当记录。

Such records support editorial accountability, quality control, consistent handling of concerns, and the integrity of the scholarly record. Access should be restricted to authorized persons with legitimate editorial, legal, administrative, or research-integrity responsibilities.

相关记录用于支持编辑责任追踪、质量控制、问题处理的一致性及学术记录完整性。访问权限应限制于具有正当编辑、法律、行政或研究诚信职责的获授权人员。

Confidential editorial and investigation records are not ordinarily made public. Disclosure may be necessary where required by law, an authorized ethical investigation, or formal publication-integrity procedures, subject to applicable confidentiality and privacy protections.

保密编辑记录与调查资料通常不向公众公开。若法律、获授权的伦理调查或正式出版诚信程序要求披露，应同时遵守适用的保密与隐私保护规定。

Policy Enforcement / 政策执行

Where a violation of publication ethics is established, CRoPT may take an editorial action appropriate to the seriousness of the misconduct, the supporting evidence, the stage of publication, and the potential harm to research participants, other scholars, or the published record.

如出版伦理违规得到证实，CRoPT 可根据违规严重程度、支持证据、所处出版阶段，以及对研究参与者、其他学者或已发表学术记录的潜在损害，采取适当的编辑措施。

These measures are possible responses rather than automatic penalties. The editorial office should consider the nature of the concern, the reliability of the findings, any relevant explanations, conflicts of interest, and applicable procedures before determining an action.

上述措施属于可供采用的处理方式，并非自动处罚。编辑部应在决定具体措施前，综合考虑问题性质、调查结论可靠性、相关解释、利益冲突及适用程序。

Any restriction on future submissions should be proportionate, supported by a documented decision, and communicated to the affected party as appropriate. This policy does not establish an automatic or fixed-duration exclusion for a particular type of allegation.

对未来投稿的限制应符合比例原则，并具有记录明确的决定依据，在适当情况下通知受影响者。本政策不对某类指控设立自动生效或固定期限的禁投处理。

Policy Updates / 政策更新

CRoPT may revise this policy when necessary to reflect developments in scholarly publishing, research integrity, applicable law, ethical standards, editorial practice, or publication technologies. Revisions should be considered in relation to the journal's other published policies to maintain consistency across editorial and publication procedures.

CRoPT 可根据学术出版、研究诚信、适用法律、伦理标准、编辑实践或出版技术的发展，对本政策作出必要修订。政策修订应与本刊其他已公布政策相互协调，维持编辑与出版程序的一致性。

Authors, reviewers, and editors should consult the applicable published policy and any relevant instructions issued by the editorial office when participating in the journal's publication process.

作者、审稿人与编辑在参与本刊出版工作时，应查阅适用的已公布政策，并遵守编辑部提供的相关具体说明。

Related Journal Policies / 相关期刊政策

For detailed requirements governing manuscript assessment, AI disclosure, conflicts of interest, publication-record corrections, and appeals, consult the journal's Peer Review Policy, AI and Research Integrity Policy, Conflict of Interest Policy, Corrections and Retractions, and Complaints and Appeals.

有关稿件评估、人工智能披露、利益冲突、出版记录更正及申诉的详细要求，请参阅本刊 《同行评审政策》、 《人工智能与研究诚信政策》、 《利益冲突政策》、 《更正与撤稿》 及 《投诉与申诉》。