This policy explains how JLPCS defines authorship, contributorship, acknowledgments, author order, corresponding author responsibilities, authorship changes, and authorship dispute handling.

Authorship should give appropriate credit to those who made substantial scholarly contributions and should identify those who are accountable for the accuracy, integrity, originality, and ethical compliance of the manuscript.

本政策说明 JLPCS 如何界定作者署名、贡献声明、致谢、作者顺序、通讯作者责任、作者变更和署名争议处理。作者署名既是学术贡献的确认，也是对稿件准确性、原创性、诚信和伦理合规承担责任的标识。

An author should normally meet all of the following criteria:

• Made a substantial scholarly contribution to the conception, design, data collection, legal source selection, analysis, interpretation, drafting, or critical revision of the work;
• Participated in drafting the manuscript or critically revising it for important intellectual content;
• Reviewed and approved the version submitted to JLPCS and the final version accepted for publication;
• Agreed to be accountable for the integrity, accuracy, originality, ethical compliance, and transparency of the work;
• Agreed to the order of authorship and the designation of the corresponding author.

作者通常应同时满足以下条件：对研究设计、资料收集、法律材料选择、数据分析、理论解释、写作或重要学术修改作出实质性贡献；参与稿件撰写或关键修改；同意投稿版本和最终出版版本；愿意对稿件的诚信、准确性和伦理合规承担责任；并认可作者顺序和通讯作者安排。

Individuals who contributed to the work but do not meet authorship criteria should not be listed as authors. Where appropriate, their contribution may be recognized in the acknowledgments section with their consent.

Examples of non-author contributions may include:

• General supervision or administrative support;
• Routine data collection or clerical assistance without substantial intellectual contribution;
• Language editing, proofreading, formatting, or translation assistance;
• Technical support, software assistance, transcription, or coding support without substantial analytical contribution;
• Funding acquisition alone;
• Providing access to participants, documents, archives, institutions, or research sites without substantial scholarly contribution.

不符合作者资格但对研究提供帮助者，可在其同意后列入致谢。仅提供行政支持、语言润色、一般监督、经费支持、技术协助或资料获取便利，通常不足以构成作者资格。

JLPCS does not accept authorship practices that misrepresent contribution, responsibility, or accountability.

JLPCS 不接受挂名作者、人情作者、幽灵作者、强制署名、购买署名、虚假署名或任何不真实反映贡献和责任的署名安排。

Author order should be agreed by all authors before submission. JLPCS does not determine author order for research teams. The author group is responsible for ensuring that author order accurately reflects disciplinary norms, contribution, agreement, and accountability.

• The first author, co-first authors, corresponding author, or co-corresponding authors should be clearly identified where applicable;
• Equal contribution statements should be accurate and approved by all relevant authors;
• Author order should not be changed after submission without written explanation and approval from all affected authors;
• Disputes about author order may delay review, acceptance, or publication.

作者顺序应在投稿前由所有作者共同确认。本刊不替研究团队决定作者顺序。共同第一作者、共同通讯作者或同等贡献声明应真实、清楚，并经所有相关作者同意。

The corresponding author is responsible for communication with JLPCS before, during, and after publication. The corresponding author should ensure that all authors are informed about the submission, revision, acceptance, proofing, publication, and any post-publication correspondence.

The corresponding author should:

• Confirm that all listed authors meet authorship criteria;
• Confirm that all authors have approved the submitted manuscript and any revised versions;
• Ensure that author names, affiliations, ORCID iDs, email addresses, and contribution statements are accurate;
• Submit required declarations, including funding, conflicts of interest, ethics approval, informed consent, data availability, and AI-use statements where applicable;
• Coordinate responses to editor and reviewer comments;
• Review proofs and coordinate author approval of final corrections;
• Notify the editorial office promptly of authorship disputes, errors, ethical concerns, or post-publication issues.

通讯作者负责与 JLPCS 编辑部沟通，并应确保所有作者知情、同意、参与必要确认，并对署名、单位、贡献、利益冲突、伦理声明和最终出版信息进行核对。

JLPCS encourages authors to provide a clear contribution statement describing each author’s role in the research and manuscript preparation. Contribution statements support transparency but do not replace authorship criteria.

Contribution roles may include:

• Conceptualization;
• Methodology or legal analytical framework;
• Data collection, source collection, or archival work;
• Formal analysis, statistical analysis, coding, or interpretation;
• Investigation, fieldwork, interviews, surveys, experiments, or case analysis;
• Writing—original draft;
• Writing—review and editing;
• Visualization, tables, figures, or supplementary materials;
• Supervision, project administration, or funding acquisition.

作者贡献声明应具体说明每位作者在研究设计、方法、资料收集、法律分析、数据分析、写作、修改、图表制作、项目管理或资助获取等方面的贡献。

中文稿件可使用中文贡献声明。作者应避免使用过于笼统的表述，如“所有作者贡献相同”，除非该表述真实且所有作者已明确同意。

Individuals or organizations that provided support but do not meet authorship criteria may be acknowledged, provided that permission has been obtained where the acknowledgment may imply endorsement.

Acknowledgments may include:

• Language editing or proofreading support;
• Administrative, technical, or logistical assistance;
• Research site access, archival support, or institutional assistance;
• General supervision or mentoring that does not meet authorship criteria;
• Funding, grants, sponsorship, or project support;
• Permission to use materials, datasets, instruments, or documents.

致谢不等同于作者署名。列入致谢者不承担作者责任，但作者应确保致谢内容真实、适当，并在必要时取得相关个人或机构同意。

Requests to add, remove, reorder, or change authors before acceptance must be submitted to the editorial office with a clear explanation. JLPCS may pause editorial handling until the authorship issue is resolved.

An authorship change request should include:

• Manuscript title and submission ID;
• Requested change and reason for the change;
• Updated author list and author order;
• Updated affiliations, ORCID iDs, and corresponding author information;
• Updated contribution statement;
• Written confirmation from all current authors and any author being added or removed;
• Any revised conflict of interest, funding, ethics, or acknowledgment information.

录用前如需增加、删除、调整作者顺序或更换通讯作者，须向编辑部提交书面说明，并取得所有现有作者以及被增加或删除作者的确认。编辑部可在署名问题解决前暂停处理稿件。

Authorship changes after acceptance are exceptional and require strong justification. Authorship changes after publication may require a formal correction notice, depending on the nature of the change and the publication record.

• Post-acceptance authorship changes are not normally permitted unless justified by clear evidence;
• All affected authors must provide written agreement;
• The editorial office may request institutional confirmation or additional documentation;
• Published articles may require correction of author names, affiliations, contributions, acknowledgments, or conflict of interest statements;
• Authorship disputes after publication may be referred to the authors’ institutions or relevant bodies where appropriate.

录用后作者变更属于例外情况，应提供充分理由和书面确认。出版后如需更正作者信息，可能需要发布正式更正通知，以维护出版记录的透明性和完整性。

For collaborative projects, research groups, consortiums, laboratories, policy teams, or institutional research teams, the manuscript should clearly identify who qualifies as an author and who should be acknowledged as a contributor.

• Group authorship should identify the group name and, where appropriate, individual members responsible for the work;
• The corresponding author should confirm that all group authors meet authorship criteria;
• Large collaborative projects should provide a contribution statement or supplementary contributor list where appropriate;
• Individuals who contributed only administrative, technical, funding, access, or logistical support should normally be acknowledged rather than listed as authors.

对于团队项目、课题组、研究联盟或机构合作研究，作者应清楚区分作者与贡献者，并说明各作者对研究和稿件承担的具体责任。

Generative AI tools, language models, chatbots, translation tools, image generators, or automated writing systems cannot be listed as authors because they cannot take responsibility for the accuracy, integrity, originality, ethics, consent, conflicts of interest, or accountability of scholarly work.

• AI tools must not be listed as authors or co-authors;
• Authors must disclose substantive AI use where applicable;
• AI tools must not be used to fabricate data, references, legal materials, interviews, images, or findings;
• Authors remain fully responsible for checking AI-assisted text, translations, citations, summaries, coding, and analysis;
• Confidential, personal, sensitive, or unpublished material must not be uploaded to AI tools in ways that compromise confidentiality or data protection.

生成式人工智能工具不得作为作者或共同作者。作者须披露实质性 AI 使用情况，并对 AI 辅助内容的准确性、原创性、引用、数据、伦理和法律合规承担全部责任。

Authorship disputes should be resolved by the authors and, where necessary, their institutions. JLPCS may request documentation, pause editorial handling, or decline to proceed until the dispute is resolved.

Disputes may include:

• Disagreement about who qualifies as an author;
• Disagreement about author order or corresponding author designation;
• Claims of omitted contributors or ghost authorship;
• Claims of gift, guest, coercive, purchased, or false authorship;
• Disputes over contribution statements, funding statements, or acknowledgments;
• Unauthorized changes to authorship after submission or acceptance.

编辑部不会替作者团队裁定复杂署名争议。若争议无法由作者解决，编辑部可要求机构介入，并在争议解决前暂停审稿、录用或出版流程。

中文稿件可提交中文作者声明。声明应与作者贡献、利益冲突、基金、伦理审批、AI 使用和致谢信息保持一致。

Questions about authorship, contributorship, author order, corresponding author responsibilities, acknowledgments, authorship changes, or authorship disputes may be directed to the JLPCS Editorial Office.

有关作者署名、贡献声明、作者顺序、通讯作者责任、致谢、作者变更或署名争议的问题，可联系 JLPCS 编辑部。

Email: [email protected]